第一條 中華人民共和國為了擴大國際經濟合作和技術交流，允許外國公司、企業和其它經濟組織或個人（以下簡稱外國合營者），按照平等互利的原則，經中國政府批準，在中華人民共和國境內，同中國的公司、企業或其它經濟組織（以下簡稱中國合營者）共同舉辦合營企業。

第二條 中國政府依法保護外國合營者按照經中國政府批準的協議、合同、章程在合營企業的投資、應分得的利潤和其他合法權益。

合營企業的一切活動應遵守中華人民共和國法律、法令和有關條例規定。

國家對合營企業不實行國有化和征收；在特殊情況下，根據社會公共利益的需要，對合營企業可以依照法律程序實行征收，并給予相應的補償。

第三條 合營各方簽訂的合營協議、合同、章程，應報國家對外經濟貿易主管部門（以下稱審查批準機關）審查批準。審查批準機關應在三個月內決定批準或不批準。合營企業經批準后，向國家工商行政管理主管部門登記，領取營業執照，開始營業。

第四條 合營企業的形式為有限責任公司。

在合營企業的注冊資本中，外國合營者的投資比例一般不低于百分之二十五。

合營各方按注冊資本比例分享利潤和分擔風險及虧損。

合營者的注冊資本如果轉讓必須經合營各方同意。

第五條 合營企業各方可以現金、實物、工業產權等進行投資。

外國合營者作為投資的技術和設備，必須確實是適合我國需要的先進技術和設備。如果有意以落后的技術和設備進行欺騙，造成損失的，應賠償損失。

中國合營者的投資可包括為合營企業經營期間提供的場地使用權。如果場地使用權未作為中國合營者投資的一部分，合營企業應向中國政府繳納使用費。

上述各項投資應在合營企業的合同和章程中加以規定，其價格（場地除外）由合營各方評議商定。

第六條 合營企業設董事會，其人數組成由合營各方協商，在合同、章程中確定，并由合營各方委派和撤換。董事長和副董事長由合營各方協商確定或由董事會選舉產生。中外合營者的一方擔任董事長的，由他方擔任副董事長。董事會根據平等互利的原則，決定合營企業的重大問題。

董事會的職權是按合營企業章程規定，討論決定合營企業的一切重大問題：企業發展規劃、生產經營活動方案、收支預算、利潤分配、勞動工資計劃、停業，以及總經理、副總經理、總工程師、總會計師、審計師的任命或聘請及其職權和待遇等。

正副總經理（或正副廠長）由合營各方分別擔任。

合營企業職工的雇用、解雇，依法由合營各方的協議、合同規定。

第七條 合營企業獲得的毛利潤，按中華人民共和國稅法規定繳納合營企業所得稅后，扣除合營企業章程規定的儲備基金、職工獎勵及福利基金、企業發展基金，凈利潤根據合營各方注冊資本的比例進行分配。

合營企業依照國家有關稅收的法律和行政法規的規定，可以享受減稅、免稅的優惠待遇。

外國合營者將分得的凈利潤用于在中國境內再投資時，可申請退還已繳納的部分所得稅。

第八條 合營企業應憑營業執照在國家外匯管理機關允許經營外匯業務的銀行或其他金融機構開立外匯帳戶。

合營企業的有關外匯事宜，應遵照中華人民共和國外匯管理條例辦理。

合營企業在其經營活動中，可直接向外國銀行籌措資金。

合營企業的各項保險應向中國的保險公司投保。

第九條 合營企業生產經營計劃，應報主管部門備案，并通過經濟合同方式執行。

合營企業所需原材料、燃料、配套件等，應盡先在中國購買，也可由合營企業自籌外匯，直接在國際市場上購買。

鼓勵合營企業向中國境外銷售產品。出口產品可由合營企業直接或與其有關的委托機構向國外市場出售，也可通過中國的外貿機構出售。合營企業產品也可在中國市場銷售。

合營企業需要時可在中國境外設立分支機構。

第十條 外國合營者在履行法律和協議、合同規定的義務后分得的凈利潤，在合營企業期滿或者中止時所分得的資金以及其它資金，可按合營企業合同規定的貨幣，按外匯管理條例匯往國外。

鼓勵外國合營者將可匯出的外匯存入中國銀行。

第十一條 合營企業的外籍職工的工資收入和其它正當收入，按中華人民共和國稅法繳納個人所得稅后，可按外匯管理條例匯往國外。

第十二條 合營企業的合營期限，按不同行業、不同情況，作不同的約定。有的行業的合營企業，應當約定合營期限；有的行業的合營企業，可以約定合營期限，也可以不約定合營期限。約定合營期限的合營企業，合營各方同意延長合營期限的，應在距合營期滿六個月前向審查批準機關提出申請。審查批準機關應自接到申請之日起一個月內決定批準或不批準。

第十三條 合營企業如發生嚴重虧損、一方不履行合同和章程規定的義務、不可抗力等，經合營各方協商同意，報請審查批準機關批準，并向國家工商行政管理主管部門登記，可終止合同。如果因違反合同而造成損失的，應由違反合同的一方承擔經濟責任。

第十四條 合營各方發生糾紛，董事會不能協商解決時，由中國仲裁機構進行調解或仲裁，也可由合營各方協議在其它仲裁機構仲裁。

第十五條 本法自公布之日起生效。本法修改權屬于全國人民代表大會。

【章名】 全國人民代表大會關于修改《中華人民共和國中外合資經營企業法》的決定 １９９０年４月４日第七屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議通過

第七屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議審議了國務院關于《中華人民共和國中外合資經營企業法修正案（草案）》的議案，決定對《中華人民共和國中外合資經營企業法》作如下修改：

一、第二條增加一款，作為第三款：“國家對合營企業不實行國有化和征收；在特殊情況下，根據社會公共利益的需要，對合營企業可以依照法律程序實行征收，并給予相應的補償。”

二、第三條修改為：“合營各方簽訂的合營協議、合同、章程，應報國家對外經濟貿易主管部門（以下稱審查批準機關）審查批準。審查批準機關應在三個月內決定批準或不批準。合營企業經批準后，向國家工商行政管理主管部門登記，領取營業執照，開始營業。”

三、第六條第一款修改為：“合營企業設董事會，其人數組成由合營各方協商，在合同、章程中確定，并由合營各方委派和撤換。董事長和副董事長由合營各方協商確定或由董事會選舉產生。中外合營者的一方擔任董事長的，由他方擔任副董事長。董事會根據平等互利的原則，決定合營企業的重大問題。”

四、第七條第二款修改為：“合營企業依照國家有關稅收的法律和行政法規的規定，可以享受減稅、免稅的優惠待遇。”

五、第八條第一款修改為：“合營企業應憑營業執照在國家外匯管理機關允許經營外匯業務的銀行或其他金融機構開立外匯帳戶。”

第十條第一款修改為：“外國合營者在履行法律和協議、合同規定的義務后分得的凈利潤，在合營企業期滿或者中止時所分得的資金以及其它資金，可按合營企業合同規定的貨幣，按外匯管理條例匯往國外。”

第十一條修改為：“合營企業的外籍職工的工資收入和其它正當收入，按中華人民共和國稅法繳納個人所得稅后，可按外匯管理條例匯往國外。”

六、第十二條修改為：“合營企業的合營期限，按不同行業、不同情況，作不同的約定。有的行業的合營企業，應當約定合營期限；有的行業的合營企業，可以約定合營期限，也可以不約定合營期限。約定合營期限的合營企業，合營各方同意延長合營期限的，應在距合營期滿六個月前向審查批準機關提出申請。審查批準機關應自接到申請之日起一個月內決定批準或不批準。”

七、第十三條修改為：“合營企業如發生嚴重虧損、一方不履行合同和章程規定的義務、不可抗力等，經合營各方協商同意，報請審查批準機關批準，并向國家工商行政管理主管部門登記，可終止合同。如果因違反合同而造成損失的，應由違反合同的一方承擔經濟責任。”

本決定自公布之日起施行。

《中華人民共和國中外合資經營企業法》根據本決定作相應的修正，重新公布。

【名稱】 LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON CHINESE-FOREIGN EQUITYJOINT VENTURES

【題注】 he Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress onApril 4, 1990)

【章名】 Important Notice: (注意事項)


英文本源自中華人民共和國務院法制局編譯, 中國法制出版社出版的《中華人民

共和國涉外法規匯編》(1991年7月版).

當發生歧意時, 應以法律法規頒布單位發布的中文原文為準.

This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE

PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)

which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State

Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China

Legal System Publishing House.

In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

【章名】 Whole Document (法規全文)


LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON CHINESE-FOREIGN EQUITY

JOINT VENTURES

(Adopted at the Second Session of the Fifth National People's

Congress on July 1, 1979, and revised in accordance with the Decision of

the National People's Congress Regarding the Revision of the Law of the

People's Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures

adopted at the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on

April 4, 1990)

Article 1

With a view to expanding international economic cooperation and

technological exchange, the People's Republic of China shall permit

foreign companies, enterprises, other economic organizations or

individuals (hereinafter referred to as "foreign joint venturers") to

establish equity joint ventures together with Chinese companies,

enterprises or other economic organizations (hereinafter referred to as

"Chinese joint venturers") within the territory of the People's Republic

of China, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit, and subject to

approval by the Chinese Government.

Article 2

The Chinese Government shall protect, according to the law, the investment

of foreign joint ventures, the profits due them and their other lawful

rights and interests in an equity joint venture, pursuant to the

agreement, contract and articles of association approved by the Chinese

Government.

All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions

of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People's Republic of

China.

The state shall not nationalize or requisition any equity joint venture.

Under special circumstances, when public interest requires, equity joint

ventures may be requisitioned by following legal procedures and

appropriate compensation shall be made.

Article 3

The equity joint venture agreement, contract and articles of association

signed by the parties to the venture shall be submitted to the state's

competent department in charge of foreign economic relations and trade

(hereinafter referred to as the examination and approval authorities) for

examination and approval. The examination and approval authorities shall

decide to approve or disapprove the venture within three months. When

approved, the equity joint venture shall register with the state's

competent department in charge of industry and commerce administration,

acquire a business license and start operations.


Article 4

An equity joint venture shall take the form of a limited liability

company. The proportion of the foreign joint venturer's investment in an

equity joint venture shall be, in general, not less than 25 percent of its

registered capital. The parties to the venture shall share the profits,

risks and losses in proportion to their contributions to the registered

capital.

If any of the joint venturers wishes to assign its registered capital, it

must obtain the consent of the other parties to the venture.

Article 5

The parties to an equity joint venture may make their investment in cash,

in kind or in industrial property rights, etc.

The technology and equipment contributed by a foreign joint venturer as

its investment must be really advanced technology and equipment that suit

China's needs. In case of losses caused by a foreign joint venturer in its

practising deception through the intentional provision of outdated

technology and equipment, it shall compensate for the losses. A Chinese

joint venturer's investment may include the right to the use of a site

provided for the equity joint venture during the period of its operation.

If the right to the use of the site is not taken as a part of the Chinese

joint venturer's investment, the equity joint venture shall pay the

Chinese Government for its use. The above-mentioned investments shall be

specified in the contract and articles of association of the equity joint

venture, and their value (excluding that of the site) shall be assessed by

all parties to the venture.


Article 6

An equity joint venture shall have a board of directors; the number of the

directors thereof from each party and the composition of the board shall

be stipulated in the contract and articles of association after

consultation among the parties to the venture; such directors shall be

appointed and replaced by the relevant parties. The chairman and the vice-

chairman (vice-chairmen) shall be determined through consultation by the

parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors. If the

Chinese side or the foreign side assumes the office of the chairman, the

other side shall assume the office(s) of the vice-chairman (vice-

chairmen). The board of directors shall decide on important issues

concerning the joint venture on the principle of equality and mutual

benefit.

The functions and powers of the board of directors are, as stipulated in

the articles of association of the equity joint venture, to discuss and

decide all major issues concerning the venture, namely, the venture's

development plans, proposals for production and business operations, the

budget for revenues and expenditures, the distribution of profits, the

plans concerning manpower and wages, the termination of business, and the

appointment or employment of the general manager, the vice-general

manager(s), the chief engineer, the treasurer and the auditors, as well as

the determination of their functions, powers and terms of employment, etc.

The offices of general manager and vice-general manager(s) (or factory

manager and deputy manager(s) shall be assumed by the respective parties

to the venture. The employment and discharge of the workers and staff

members of an equity joint venture shall be stipulated in accordance with

the law in the agreement and contract concluded by the parties to the

venture.


Article 7

The new profit of an equity joint venture shall be distributed among the

parties to the venture in proportion to their respective contributions to

the registered capital, after payment out of its gross profit of the

equity joint venture income tax, pursuant to the provisions of the tax

laws of the People's Republic of China, and after deduction from the gross

profit of a reserve fund, a bonus and welfare fund for workers and staff

members and a venture expansion fund, as stipulated in the venture's

articles of association. An equity joint venture may, in accordance with

provisions of the relevant laws and administrative rules and regulations

of the state on taxation, enjoy preferential treatment for reduction of or

exemption from taxes.

A foreign joint venturer that reinvests its share of the net profit within

the territory of China may apply for partial refund of the income tax

already paid.

Article 8

An equity joint venture shall, on the strength of its business license,

open a foreign exchange account with a bank or any other financial

institution which is permitted by the state agency for foreign exchange

control to handle foreign exchange transactions. An equity joint ventures

shall handle its foreign exchange transactions in accordance with the

regulations on foreign exchange control of the People's Republic of China.

An equity joint venture may, in its business operations, directly raise

funds from foreign banks.

The various kinds of insurance coverage of an equity joint venture shall

be furnished by Chinese insurance companies.

Article 9

The production and business operating plans of an equity joint venture

shall be submitted to the competent authorities for record and shall be

implemented through economic contracts.

In its purchase of required raw and semi-processed materials, fuels,

auxiliary equipment, etc., an equity joint venture should give first

priority to purchases in China. It may also make such purchases directly

on the world market with foreign exchange raised by itself.

An equity joint venture shall be encouraged to market its products outside

China. It may sell its export products on foreign markets directly or

through associated agencies or China's foreign trade agencies. Its

products may also be sold on the Chinese market. When necessary, an

equity joint venture may set up branches and subbranches outside China.


Article 10

The net profit which a foreign joint venturer receives as its share after

performing its obligations under the laws, and the agreements or the

contract, the funds it receives upon the expiration of the venture's term

of operation or its early termination, and its other funds may be remitted

abroad in accordance with foreign exchange control regulations and in the

currency or currencies specified in the contract concerning the equity

joint venture.

A foreign joint venturer shall be encouraged to deposit in the Bank of

China the foreign exchange which it is entitled to remit abroad.

Article 11

The wages, salaries or other legitimate income earned by a foreign worker

or staff member of an equity joint venture, after payment of the

individual income tax under the tax laws of the People's Republic of

China, may be remitted abroad in accordance with foreign exchange control

regulations.

Article 12

Based on different lines of trade and different circumstances,

arrangements for the duration of equity joint ventures may be made

differently through agreement by the parties to the venture. Equity joint

ventures engaged in certain lines of trade shall specify their duration in

the contracts, while equity joint ventures engaged in certain other lines

of trade may choose to or not to specify their duration in the contracts.

Where an equity joint venture has had its duration specified and the

parties to the venture agree to extend the duration, the venture shall

file an application for the purpose with the examination and approval

authorities six months before its expiration. The examination and

approval authorities shall, within one month after receipt of the

application, decide on its approval or disapproval.


Article 13

In case of heavy losses, failure of a party to perform its obligations

under the contract and the articles of association, or force majeure etc.,

the parties to the joint venture may terminate the contract through their

consultation and agreement, subject to approval by the examination and

approval authorities and to registration with the state's competent

department in charge of industry and commerce administration. In cases of

losses caused by a breach of contract, the financial responsibility shall

be borne by the party that has breached the contract.

Article 14

Disputes arising between the parties to an equity joint venture which the

board of directors has failed to settle through consultation may be

settled through mediation or arbitration by an arbitration agency of China

or through arbitration by another arbitration agency agreed upon by the

parties.

Article 15

This Law shall enter into force as of the date of promulgation. The power

to amend this Law is vested in the National People's Congress.